Assessment of nutritional status and quality of life among hemodialysis patients in Aswan.

BACKGROUND

Malnutrition is prevalent in patients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (HD). It adversely affects the prognosis and is linked to elevated morbidities, mortalities as well as diminished quality of life (QOL). This study attempted to assess the nutritional status and QOL among HD cases.

PATIENTS AND

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was performed at Aswan University Hospital (Aswan, Egypt) in the interval from December 2022 until December 2023. The study included 150 patients on regular HD. All patients underwent comprehensive examinations, including a complete medical history of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), marital status, occupation, education, duration of dialysis, number of sessions per week. Investigations included complete blood count, urea, creatinine, total iron binding capacity, ferritin, albumin, cholesterol and triglyceride. The nutritional state was evaluated using the Subjective Global Assessment score (SGA) and QOL was assessed utilizing the 12-item Short Form Survey (SF-12).

RESULTS

The mean ± SD of patient's age was 48.69 ± 14.04 years. Subjects comprised 70 (46.67%) males and 80 (53.33%) females. The mean ± SD of their BMI was 22.05 ± 5.27 kg/m2. The prevalence of malnutrition was 86%; 105 (70%) patients exhibited mild to moderate malnutrition. The current study revealed a marked negative association between SGA score and age (P = 0.029), BMI (P = 0.002), TIBC (P < 0.001), ferritin (P < 0.001), TG (P = 0.029), cholesterol (P < 0.001) and albumin (P < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a substantial positive correlation between the SGA score and duration of dialysis (P < 0.001). Regarding QOL, there was a marked negative association between the physical component summary (PCS) and age (P < 0.001), SGA score (P = 0.042) and BMI (P = 0.024).

CONCLUSION

Malnutrition is prevalent among hemodialysis patients in Aswan, particularly in individuals receiving long-term hemodialysis. The majority of patients exhibited mild to moderate malnutrition, whereas severe malnutrition was infrequent.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.