Crosstalk between Nitric Oxide and Bioinorganic Centers: Implications for Cellular Signaling.

Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the most extensively studied small inorganic molecules involved in biological signaling processes related to both health and disease. Many biological transformations that depend on NO rely on bioinorganic chemistry, where both redox-active and nonredox-active inorganic centers and processes play crucial roles. This review covers several key topics, including the role of heme centers in NO biosynthesis and metabolism, the function of non-heme iron in NO bioactivity, and the interplay between calcium-dependent proteins and NO signaling pathways. It also discusses the involvement of free and bound copper ions, zinc ions, and zinc proteins in NO biosynthesis and its signaling pathways is discussed. The review also examines the role of molybdenum proteins in maintaining NO homeostasis and explores the biological activities associated with the interactions between NO and other reactive nitrogen species (RNS) with bioactive molecules containing cobalt. Furthermore, the regulation of NO signaling by selenoproteins is addressed. Additionally, we focus on NO signaling through S-nitrosation and nitration, highlighting the impact of both bound and free metal ions on the formation and fate of S-nitrosothiols.