Modes of Neonatal Ventilation: Breathe Deeply!

The art and science of neonatal ventilation continue to evolve with advances in technology and as a result of evidenced based research. Although some historically administered therapies remain such as nasal continuous positive airway pressure, newer therapies have emerged in the neonatal intensive care unit such as pressure regulated volume control and neurally adjusted ventilatory assist. The challenge for clinicians continues to be which mode will support the patient's medical diagnosis with minimal barotrauma or lung injury. Vigilance and collaborative discussions among the treatment team remain the cornerstones of respiratory care practice parameters in the neonatal intensive care environment.