[The state regulation of penicillin price in the USSR in the second half of 1940s].

The article considers, on the basis of analysis of declassified archival documents, issue of the Soviet government regulating price of penicillin in the second half of the 1940s in conditions of continuing drug shortage. The factors that affected formation of selling and retail prices of antibiotic are considered. Based on the calculation of cost of treatment of a number of nosologies in different age groups and comparing it with the level of income of the population, the conclusion is derived that real availability of antibiotics for population in the USSR was achieved by early 1950s.