Hallucination focused integrative treatment: a randomized controlled trial.

Improvements in psychopathology, subjective burden, and coping with voices after hallucination focused integrative treatment (HIT) were studied in chronic schizophrenic patients with persistent (> 10 years), drug-refractory auditory hallucinations. In a randomized controlled trial, routine care was compared with HIT pre- and posttreatment at a 9-month interval. Independent raters used semistructured interviews to assess burden, symptoms, and coping. Within-group improvements in both burden and psychopathology were most significant in the experimental group (p < 0.05) after treatment. HIT patients showed change in applied coping strategies, but it did not reach statistical significance. Type and (change in) number of coping strategies did not seem related to outcome. The results suggest that HIT is a cost-effective practice that positively affects mental state in general, subjective burden, quality of life, and social functioning.