Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ferroptosis in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Potential Therapeutic Approach.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe cerebrovascular disorder associated with high morbidity and mortality. Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, plays a critical role in secondary injury following ICH. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has demonstrated distinct therapeutic benefits in cerebrovascular disease, and emerging evidence suggests its potential to modulate ferroptosis. This review explores the therapeutic effects of TCM and TCM-based interventions for ICH, with a focus on their regulation of ferroptosis-related mechanisms. In ICH, ferroptosis is driven by disrupted iron metabolism, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation-key contributors to secondary brain injury. TCM interventions, including herbal medicines, active compounds, and acupuncture, may counteract these processes by restoring iron homeostasis and reducing oxidative stress, thereby improving neurological outcomes. Given the critical role of ferroptosis in ICH pathophysiology, TCM represents a promising avenue for targeting ferroptosis-related pathways and advancing therapeutic strategies.