Effect of high dose of selenium nanoparticles on antioxidant system and biochemical profile of rats in correction of carbon tetrachloride-induced toxic damage of liver.

The ever-increasing application of selenium nanoparticles in medicine generates a need for thorough assessment of their effects on the living organism to prevent undesirable and dangerous toxic processes. The biological action of selenium nanoparticles strongly depends on the administrated dose. This stimulates in-depth study of possible mechanisms of their toxic effect, especially when they are applied in high doses. In this work, we have studied the effect of a high dose of selenium nanoparticles on rats and found that it is different in a healthy organism and in the case of modeled liver toxic damage. It has been revealed that the administration of a high dose of selenium nanoparticles to rats with toxic liver damage decreases the concentration of lipid peroxidation products in the blood and normalizes the level of liver enzymes at a time of the damage of the urinary system. At the same time, in a healthy organism, excess of selenium nanoparticles augments concentrations of urea, aspartate aminotransferase and malondialdehyde probably due to the fact that excess selenium nanoparticles induces the lipid peroxidation and damage the urinary system. However, the experiments show that, no mortality is observed among the animals treated with selenium in a dose of 6 times higher than the normal one. The use of sulfated polysaccharide κ-carrageenan as a stabilizer of nanoparticles generates a densely negative charge (ζ-potential -29 mV) on the nanoparticles surface. Probably, the high biocompatibility of nanoparticles is explained by the prolongation of their interaction with cells due to involvement of opsonization stage of negatively charged surface of nanoparticles into their metabolism.