Electron Lever-Assisted d-Band Center Engineering in Intermetallic Alloy Nanozymes for Efficient Marine Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion Inhibition.

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) remains a persistent global challenge, with traditional inhibition strategies often constrained by limited efficiency, poor durability, and ecological toxicity. Herein, we propose a rational design that utilizes a heteroatom as an electronic lever to circumvent these constraints. By integrating heteroatom Ag into an FePt matrix, the d-band center of the Pt active sites is upshifted, optimizing the adsorption energy of substrates and ensuring superior catalytic performance even in H2O2-limited marine environments. The resulting FePtAg (L-FPA) nanozymes exhibited enhanced triple-enzyme activities (haloperoxidase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase, and peroxidase), triggering a localized burst of reactive chlorine and oxygen species. This synergistic action effectively disintegrated the extracellular polymeric substance barrier and induced metabolic disruption, achieving an exceptional 99.9% biofilm inhibition rate and 99.3% MIC inhibition efficiency against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, the intermetallic structure promoted by heteroatom Ag provided outstanding durability of nanozymes, with their antibiofilm efficiency decreasing by only 3% for over 120 days. This work not only elucidates the intrinsic correlation between electronic modulation and inhibition efficiency in MIC inhibitors but also offers a rational framework for designing nanozymes tailored to challenging and hostile environments.