Association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the multinational Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study.
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Ratanachina Jate, Amaral Andre F S, De Matteis Sara, Lawin Herve, Mortimer Kevin, Obaseki Daniel O, Harrabi Imed, Denguezli Meriam, Wouters Emiel F M, Janson Christer, Nielsen Rune, Gulsvik Amund, Cherkaski Hamid Hacene, Mejza Filip, Mahesh Padukudru Anand, Elsony Asma, Ahmed Rana, Tan Wan, Loh Li Cher, Rashid Abdul, Studnicka Michael, Nafees Asaad A, Seemungal Terence, Aquart-Stewart Althea, Al Ghobain Mohammed, Zheng Jinping, Juvekar Sanjay, Salvi Sundeep, Jogi Rain, Mannino David, Gislason Thorarinn, Buist A Sonia, Cullinan Paul, Burney Peter, BOLD Collaborative Research Group
Аннотация
METHODS: We analysed cross-sectional data from 28 823 adults (≥40 years) in 34 countries. We considered 11 occupations and grouped them by likelihood of exposure to organic dusts, inorganic dusts and fumes. The association of chronic cough, chronic phlegm, wheeze, dyspnoea, forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/FVC with occupation was assessed, per study site, using multivariable regression. These estimates were then meta-analysed. Sensitivity analyses explored differences between sexes and gross national income.
RESULTS: Overall, working in settings with potentially high exposure to dusts or fumes was associated with respiratory symptoms but not lung function differences. The most common occupation was farming. Compared to people not working in any of the 11 considered occupations, those who were farmers for ≥20 years were more likely to have chronic cough (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.19-1.94), wheeze (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.16-1.63) and dyspnoea (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.53-2.20), but not lower FVC (β=0.02 L, 95% CI -0.02-0.06 L) or lower FEV1/FVC (β=0.04%, 95% CI -0.49-0.58%). Some findings differed by sex and gross national income.
CONCLUSION: At a population level, the occupational exposures considered in this study do not appear to be major determinants of differences in lung function, although they are associated with more respiratory symptoms. Because not all work settings were included in this study, respiratory surveillance should still be encouraged among high-risk dusty and fume job workers, especially in low- and middle-income countries.