A cost-benefit analysis of a population screening programme for neural tube defects.

Population screening for neural tube defects is possible by measuring maternal serum alphafetoprotein levels with appropriate follow-up as required. British Columbia has approximately 39 000 births annually and the incidence of neural tube defects is 1.55 per 1000 births (0.94 per 1000 livebirths). Results from a cost-benefit analysis suggest that the outlined screening programme would be cost-beneficial for British Columbia. Other important factors essential to consider before instituting a population screening programme are discussed.