Associations of non-HPV genital pathogen detection with HPV positivity and cervical findings in women undergoing screening in Xinjiang, China: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

This study examines the associations between various non-HPV genital tract pathogens-including Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uuu), Ureaplasma parvum (Uup1, Uup3, Uup6, Uup14), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), and Herpes simplex virus type II (HSV-2)-and HPV positivity and cervical abnormalities. Furthermore, it examines the co-detection patterns of these pathogens and human papillomavirus (HPV) in relation to cervical cytological and histopathological findings. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted involving 154 HPV-positive women and 193 HPV-negative women who underwent cervical cancer screening at our gynecology outpatient clinic during the study period. All participants underwent multiplex genetic testing for cervical pathogens. The six most prevalent HPV subtypes identified were HPV16, 53, 52, 58, 51, and 33. Detection of Uuu, Uup1, Uup6, MH, and CT was significantly associated with HPV positivity. In conclusion, selected non-HPV genital pathogens were associated with HPV positivity and concurrent cervical cytological abnormalities, whereas no significant association was identified with histopathologically confirmed cervical SILs among HPV-positive women.