Musculoskeletal involvement in children with gastroschisis and omphalocele.

A review of 58 children with gastroschisis and 8 children with omphalocele showed 14 musculoskeletal problems in 11 children. These problems consisted of limb deformities in 6 children, spinal deformities in 4 children, and osteopenia in 3 children, with 1 of the osteopenic children developing pathological fractures. About one third (5/14) of the problems were arthrogrypotic in nature. The remainder were mild digital deformities, developmental or spondylodysplastic scolioses, and, rarely, congenital spinal deformities.