Photopheresis in the treatment of refractory bronchiolitis obliterans complicating lung transplantation.

Photopheresis has been successfully used to treat heart allograft rejection and has had some initial success in the treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) following lung transplantation. This report describes five patients treated with photopheresis after the failure of augmented immunosuppression for BO. Four patients had a temporary stabilization of their airflow obstruction, and minimal side effects of the procedure were noted, although there were consequences from additional augmented immunosuppression (principally sepsis). Photopheresis may provide a safe modality for the treatment of BO that is unresponsive to standard and augmented immunosuppression.