Geriatric Syndromes in Older Adults With and Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

PURPOSE: Diabetes prevalence is increasing among older adults globally. The current study aimed to compare geriatric syndrome prevalence in older adults with and without diabetes.

METHOD: Primary research (2011 to 2024) in English, French, or Spanish was included. We used multiple databases following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Pooled log odds ratios (ORs) and prevalence rates were calculated using random-effects models. Sensitivity analysis explored heterogeneity, and publication bias was assessed.

RESULTS

Older adults with diabetes exhibited higher prevalence rates of cognitive impairment (9.13% vs. 4.22%, log OR: 0.1884), depression (8.96% vs. 5.44%, log OR: 0.3543), falls (11.5% vs. 4.47%, log OR: 0.4237), functional impairment (14.2% vs. 10.6%, log OR: 1.02), urinary incontinence (9.72% vs. 4.35%, log OR: 1.3668), frailty (22.8% vs. 12.1%, log OR: 1.3443), and polypharmacy (22.9% vs. 5.78%, log OR: 2.5420). Diabetes was also associated with a higher comorbidity burden.

CONCLUSION

Multidisciplinary strategies addressing diabetes and associated conditions are crucial for older adults with diabetes. Future research should delve into underlying mechanisms and optimize care strategies. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 18(2), 99-108.].