Initiating Aripiprazole Lauroxil: Post Hoc Analysis of Safety and Tolerability of 1-Day and 21-Day Regimens.

Objective

Aripiprazole lauroxil (AL), a long-acting injectable antipsychotic, has 2 initiation options: 1-day (AL NanoCrystal Dispersion [ALNCD] injection plus 30 mg oral aripiprazole on day 1 only) and 21-day (15 mg oral aripiprazole for 21 days). This post hoc analysis assessed the safety and tolerability of both initiation approaches.

Methods

We analyzed data from the first 4 weeks of 2 AL studies, one using the 1-day initiation regimen (conducted between November 2017 and March 2019) and the other using the 21-day initiation regimen (conducted between December 2011 and March 2014). Outcomes of interest during the matched 4-week period included the likelihood of adverse events (AEs), including those associated with discontinuation, rated as serious, or of special interest (injection site reactions [ISRs] and akathisia).

Results

The 1-day (n = 99) and 21-day (n = 415) initiation regimens had comparable rates of AEs (57.6% and 52.0%, respectively; most were mild), serious AEs (2.0% and 1.4%), and AEs leading to discontinuation (4.0% and 3.1%). The incidence of ISRs was 11.1% after the ALNCD injection (day 1) in the 1-day initiation regimen. ISR rates for the AL starting doses were 9.2% for the 1-day regimen (AL 1064 mg on day 8) and 3.9% for the 21-day regimen (AL 441 mg/882 mg on day 1). Rates of akathisia were 9.1% and 11.1% for the 1-day and 21-day regimens, respectively. One patient discontinued because of an ISR in the 21-day study, and 2 patients in the 21-day study discontinued because of akathisia. Mean changes from baseline in week 4 Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total scores were -17.4 (1-day) and -19.5 (21-day).

Conclusions

Four-week safety and tolerability were similar following the initiation of AL with either the 1-day or 21-day regimen, supporting the utility of both initiation regimens. Engaging patients in discussions regarding options for initiating AL may help facilitate shared decision-making and personalization of treatment for patients with schizophrenia. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT03345979 and NCT01469039.