Leukemia research · 2026
Real-world outcomes of plasmablastic lymphoma: Treatment approaches and survival outcomes in the PLASMABLAT-001 cohort.
СтатьяМногоцентровое исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Martinez-Cordero Humberto, Spirko Paola, Pellon Irma Karen, Korin Laura, Colunga-Pedraza Perla R, Osorio-Llanes Estefanie, Fuentes-Lacouture Cynthia, Idrobo Henry, Noboa Andrea, Villela Luis, Robles Arianna, Von-Glasenapp Alana, Britos Perla Noemi, Rodriguez-Fraga Yusaima, Valcarcel Bryan, Malpica Luis, Castillo Jorge J
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare and aggressive malignancy frequently associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and lacking standardized treatment strategies. We developed the PLASMABLAT-001 retrospective cohort to describe treatment patterns and outcomes in PBL.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 86 patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2023 across six Latin American centers. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression models identified prognostic factors.
RESULTS: The cohort was predominantly male (87%), with a median age of 41 years; 72% were HIV-positive. Advanced-stage disease and extranodal involvement (89%) were common. EPOCH-based regimens were used in 75% of patients. Complete response rates were 51% in first-line and 30% in second-line therapy. After a median follow-up of 26.1 months (95% CI, 17.9-42.5), the 2-year OS was 60% (95% CI, 48-72%), while median OS was not reached. Median PFS was 9 months (95% CI, 6-12). HIV-negative patients had improved OS and PFS. In multivariable analysis, HIV negativity, ECOG performance status 0-2, and absence of MYC rearrangements were associated with improved OS.
CONCLUSION: PBL remains a highly aggressive disease with suboptimal outcomes in Latin America. HIV status, ECOG performance status, and MYC rearrangements are important prognostic factors. Prospective studies are needed to optimize treatment strategies.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 86 patients diagnosed between 2008 and 2023 across six Latin American centers. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox regression models identified prognostic factors.
RESULTS: The cohort was predominantly male (87%), with a median age of 41 years; 72% were HIV-positive. Advanced-stage disease and extranodal involvement (89%) were common. EPOCH-based regimens were used in 75% of patients. Complete response rates were 51% in first-line and 30% in second-line therapy. After a median follow-up of 26.1 months (95% CI, 17.9-42.5), the 2-year OS was 60% (95% CI, 48-72%), while median OS was not reached. Median PFS was 9 months (95% CI, 6-12). HIV-negative patients had improved OS and PFS. In multivariable analysis, HIV negativity, ECOG performance status 0-2, and absence of MYC rearrangements were associated with improved OS.
CONCLUSION: PBL remains a highly aggressive disease with suboptimal outcomes in Latin America. HIV status, ECOG performance status, and MYC rearrangements are important prognostic factors. Prospective studies are needed to optimize treatment strategies.