Prevalence and associated factors of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia among adult people living with HIV on ART at Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital, South-East Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND

The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection and AIDS. However, a cluster of metabolic derangements, such as dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, is increasing among patients on ART.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the prevalence and associated factors of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia among adult people living with HIV on ART.

METHODS

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 20, 2023, to January 30, 2024, at Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital, South-East Ethiopia. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical data were collected. Serum glucose and lipid profiles were measured using the Cobas C 311 Clinical Chemistry Analyzer. Data were entered in EpiData version 3 and analyzed by STATA version 17.0.

RESULTS

A total of 388 patients with HIV on ART were enrolled. The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia were 72.7% (95% CI: 68.0%-76.9%) and 16.2% (95% CI: 12.9%-20.3%), respectively. Older age (≥54 years) and raw meat consumption were associated with dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, respectively, while chewing khat was associated with a reduced likelihood of hyperglycemia.

CONCLUSION

Dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia are prevalent in patients with HIV on ART, highlighting the need for regular monitoring and lipid-lowering treatments, especially for older and raw meat consumers.