Emerging Prevention During the Mpox Outbreak: Associations Between Mpox Vaccination Intent/Uptake, HIV Vaccination Intent, and Mpox Concern Among LGBTQ Adults.

During the 2022 mpox outbreak, some LGBTQ+ populations in the United States experienced elevated risk, yet motivations for mpox vaccination remain unclear. This study examined whether mpox vaccination intent/uptake was associated with uptake or intent to vaccinate for other sexually transmitted vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs), including a future HIV vaccine, and whether mpox concern, HIV vaccination intent, and sociodemographic factors predicted mpox vaccination intent/uptake. LGBTQ+ adults in New Jersey and New York completed a cross-sectional web-based survey assessing vaccine behaviors and mpox-related attitudes. Individuals reporting the intent to vaccinate for HIV were more likely to report mpox vaccination intent/uptake, whereas uptake or intent for other sexually transmitted VPDs was not associated with mpox vaccination intent/uptake. In multivariate models adjusting for sociodemographics, higher mpox concern, greater HIV vaccination intent, and employment were associated with higher odds of mpox vaccination intent/uptake. Findings suggest that mpox and HIV vaccination intentions may reflect shared, outbreak-specific prevention orientations shaped by heightened risk.