Exploratory randomized pilot study comparing speech, swallowing, and quality of life outcomes following different types of primary closure after partial glossectomy for early tongue carcinoma.

BACKGROUND

Primary closure is a common reconstructive option for smaller defects following partial glossectomy for early-stage tongue carcinoma (T1 and T2). However, the optimal technique of closure in terms of functional outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to compare speech, swallowing, and quality of life (QOL) outcomes between different methods of primary closure.

METHODS

This exploratory randomized pilot study was conducted between 2022 and 2023. A total of 36 patients undergoing partial glossectomy for early tongue carcinoma were randomized pre-operatively into three groups: horizontal closure, rotational closure, or healing by secondary intention. Functional outcomes, including speech and swallowing, were assessed pre-operatively, at one week, and one month post-operatively using the Speech Perceptual Index, Speech Intelligibility Score, Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), Speech handicap index(SHI) and MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI).

RESULTS

There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups in terms of speech, swallowing, or quality of life outcomes across all time points evaluated.

CONCLUSION

For smaller partial glossectomy defects(<30 %) in early tongue carcinoma, the choice of closure technique - whether horizontal, rotational, or healing by secondary intention - does not significantly affect speech, swallowing, or quality of life outcomes.