[Narcolepsy in adults: Definition, etiology and treatment].

Narcolepsy is a hypersomnolence disorder of central origin that presents with a disturbance of the wake-sleep regulation. Lead symptoms consist of excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. Nowadays, two types of narcolepsy are distinguished. Type 1 narcolepsy, formerly known as narcolepsy with cataplexy, is based on hypocretin deficiency. The cause of type 2 narcolepsy, formerly known as narcolepsy without cataplexy, remains mainly unknown. A multimodal approach is necessary for diagnosis. The mean latency between the onset of disease and diagnosis in Europe ranges 14 years. Narcolepsy has a major impact on workability and quality of life. The management of narcolepsy is usually life-long and includes non-pharmacological approaches and a symptomatic pharmacological treatment.