Fetal distress and circulatory disturbance in monochorionic twins: Possible risk factors for sialadenitis?

Neonatal sialadenitis is a rare condition. The vast majority of cases are caused by Staphylococcus aureus with predominant involvement of the parotid gland and need for long-term antimicrobial therapy. We reviewed three distinct cases of submandibular sialadenitis in preterm infants from monochorionic pregnancies. The association with neonatal sialadenitis is unproven. We speculate about the role of fetal distress and circulatory compromise in monochorionic twins as a risk factor in the development of this serious condition.