Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy After Extensive Spine Surgery: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Postoperative vision loss (POVL) after spine surgery is a rare but devastating complication. Because of its rarity (incidence < 0.2%), POVL might not be considered for inclusion in an informed consent by surgeons and anesthesia providers. We present a case of POVL due to posterior ischemic optic neuropathy following prone spine surgery. Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy is characterized by acute painless vison loss that is progressive and irreversible. Our case is atypical because the patient experienced moderate improvement of visual acuity. Increased awareness and understanding of risk factors associated with POVL is an important and timely patient safety topic. In this report we review different pathophysiologies and risk factors for POVL following spine surgery along with recommendations for informed consent and strategies to reduce the incidence of POVL.