[Advances in human papillomavirus vaccination research among HIV-infected patients].

HIV-infected patients are more susceptible to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection due to impaired immune function. Although HPV vaccines have demonstrated substantial preventive efficacy in HIV-negative populations, the characteristics of immune responses, protective efficacy, and optimal vaccination strategies in HIV-infected patients remain undefined. This review summarizes available evidence on the immunogenicity, protective efficacy, and safety of HPV vaccination among HIV-infected patients, and examines key influencing factors, including adjuvant types, vaccination schedules, and immune status. Additionally, factors affecting HPV vaccination uptake in this population are synthesized from individual, social, and healthcare service perspectives. Based on current evidence, it is recommended that HIV-infected patients be included in the priority population for HPV vaccination in China, with further exploration of individualized vaccination strategies tailored to immune status. Furthermore, it is suggested that vaccination coverage be improved through service integration and targeted health promotion.