[Allergic Reactions to Betalactams in Pediatrics: Recommendations for diagnosis and treatment].

The Allergic Reactions to Betalactam Antibiotics are adverse events that cannot be explained by their pharmacological action, but mediated by an immunological mechanism. They are the most frequent cause of drug allergy in the world. Betalactam antibiotics include penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams, cefems (moxalactam, cefoxitin), and clavulanic acid. They can produce immediate, accelerated or delayed allergic reactions. Its diagnostic methodology is complex and it is carried out by well-defined stages. Its timely diagnosis is very important due to the risk involved and the associated costs that demand the alternative use of other antibiotics that supplant them.