Медицинская библиотека · medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2020
The best COVID-19 predictor is recent smell loss: a cross-sectional study.
Gerkin Richard C, Ohla Kathrin, Veldhuizen Maria Geraldine, Joseph Paule V, Kelly Christine E, Bakke Alyssa J, Steele Kimberley E, Farruggia Michael C, Pellegrino Robert, Pepino Marta Y, Bouysset Cédric, Soler Graciela M, Pereda-Loth Veronica, Dibattista Michele, Cooper Keiland W, Croijmans Ilja, Di Pizio Antonella, Ozdener M Hakan, Fjaeldstad Alexander W, Lin Cailu, Sandell Mari A, Singh Preet B, Brindha V Evelyn, Olsson Shannon B, Saraiva Luis R, Ahuja Gaurav, Alwashahi Mohammed K, Bhutani Surabhi, D'Errico Anna, Fornazieri Marco A, Golebiowski Jérôme, Hwang Liang-Dar, Öztürk Lina, Roura Eugeni, Spinelli Sara, Whitcroft Katherine L, Faraji Farhoud, Fischmeister Florian Ph S, Heinbockel Thomas, Hsieh Julien W, Huart Caroline, Konstantinidis Iordanis, Menini Anna, Morini Gabriella, Olofsson Jonas K, Philpott Carl M, Pierron Denis, Shields Vonnie D C, Voznessenskaya Vera V, Albayay Javier, Altundag Aytug, Bensafi Moustafa, Bock María Adelaida, Calcinoni Orietta, Fredborg William, Laudamiel Christophe, Lim Juyun, Lundström Johan N, Macchi Alberto, Meyer Pablo, Moein Shima T, Santamaría Enrique, Sengupta Debarka, Domínguez Paloma Paloma, Yanık Hüseyin, Boesveldt Sanne, de Groot Jasper H B, Dinnella Caterina, Freiherr Jessica, Laktionova Tatiana, Mariño Sajidxa, Monteleone Erminio, Nunez-Parra Alexia, Abdulrahman Olagunju, Ritchie Marina, Thomas-Danguin Thierry, Walsh-Messinger Julie, Al Abri Rashid, Alizadeh Rafieh, Bignon Emmanuelle, Cantone Elena, Cecchini Maria Paola, Chen Jingguo, Guàrdia Maria Dolors, Hoover Kara C, Karni Noam, Navarro Marta, Nolden Alissa A, Mazal Patricia Portillo, Rowan Nicholas R, Sarabi-Jamab Atiye, Archer Nicholas S, Chen Ben, Di Valerio Elizabeth A, Feeney Emma L, Frasnelli Johannes, Hannum Mackenzie, Hopkins Claire, Klein Hadar, Mignot Coralie, Mucignat Carla, Ning Yuping, Ozturk Elif E, Peng Mei, Saatci Ozlem, Sell Elizabeth A, Yan Carol H, Alfaro Raul, Cecchetto Cinzia, Coureaud Gérard, Herriman Riley D, Justice Jeb M, Kaushik Pavan Kumar, Koyama Sachiko, Overdevest Jonathan B, Pirastu Nicola, Ramirez Vicente A, Roberts S Craig, Smith Barry C, Cao Hongyuan, Wang Hong, Balungwe Patrick, Baguma Marius, Hummel Thomas, Hayes John E, Reed Danielle R, Niv Masha Y, Munger Steven D, Parma Valentina
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Аннотация
BACKGROUND
COVID-19 has heterogeneous manifestations, though one of the most common symptoms is a sudden loss of smell (anosmia or hyposmia). We investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19.
METHODS
This preregistered, cross-sectional study used a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n=4148) or negative (C19-; n=546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified singular and cumulative predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery.
RESULTS
Both C19+ and C19- groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean±SD, C19+: -82.5±27.2 points; C19-: -59.8±37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both single and cumulative feature models (ROC AUC=0.72), with additional features providing no significant model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms, such as fever or cough. Olfactory recovery within 40 days was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since illness onset.
CONCLUSIONS
As smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19, we developed the ODoR-19 tool, a 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss. Numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (10<OR<4), especially when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.
Для цитирования: Gerkin Richard C, Ohla Kathrin, Veldhuizen Maria Geraldine, Joseph Paule V, Kelly Christine E, Bakke Alyssa J, Steele Kimberley E, Farruggia Michael C, Pellegrino Robert, Pepino Marta Y, Bouysset Cédric, Soler Graciela M, Pereda-Loth Veronica, Dibattista Michele, Cooper Keiland W, Croijmans Ilja, Di Pizio Antonella, Ozdener M Hakan, Fjaeldstad Alexander W, Lin Cailu, Sandell Mari A, Singh Preet B, Brindha V Evelyn, Olsson Shannon B, Saraiva Luis R, Ahuja Gaurav, Alwashahi Mohammed K, Bhutani Surabhi, D'Errico Anna, Fornazieri Marco A, Golebiowski Jérôme, Hwang Liang-Dar, Öztürk Lina, Roura Eugeni, Spinelli Sara, Whitcroft Katherine L, Faraji Farhoud, Fischmeister Florian Ph S, Heinbockel Thomas, Hsieh Julien W, Huart Caroline, Konstantinidis Iordanis, Menini Anna, Morini Gabriella, Olofsson Jonas K, Philpott Carl M, Pierron Denis, Shields Vonnie D C, Voznessenskaya Vera V, Albayay Javier, Altundag Aytug, Bensafi Moustafa, Bock María Adelaida, Calcinoni Orietta, Fredborg William, Laudamiel Christophe, Lim Juyun, Lundström Johan N, Macchi Alberto, Meyer Pablo, Moein Shima T, Santamaría Enrique, Sengupta Debarka, Domínguez Paloma Paloma, Yanık Hüseyin, Boesveldt Sanne, de Groot Jasper H B, Dinnella Caterina, Freiherr Jessica, Laktionova Tatiana, Mariño Sajidxa, Monteleone Erminio, Nunez-Parra Alexia, Abdulrahman Olagunju, Ritchie Marina, Thomas-Danguin Thierry, Walsh-Messinger Julie, Al Abri Rashid, Alizadeh Rafieh, Bignon Emmanuelle, Cantone Elena, Cecchini Maria Paola, Chen Jingguo, Guàrdia Maria Dolors, Hoover Kara C, Karni Noam, Navarro Marta, Nolden Alissa A, Mazal Patricia Portillo, Rowan Nicholas R, Sarabi-Jamab Atiye, Archer Nicholas S, Chen Ben, Di Valerio Elizabeth A, Feeney Emma L, Frasnelli Johannes, Hannum Mackenzie, Hopkins Claire, Klein Hadar, Mignot Coralie, Mucignat Carla, Ning Yuping, Ozturk Elif E, Peng Mei, Saatci Ozlem, Sell Elizabeth A, Yan Carol H, Alfaro Raul, Cecchetto Cinzia, Coureaud Gérard, Herriman Riley D, Justice Jeb M, Kaushik Pavan Kumar, Koyama Sachiko, Overdevest Jonathan B, Pirastu Nicola, Ramirez Vicente A, Roberts S Craig, Smith Barry C, Cao Hongyuan, Wang Hong, Balungwe Patrick, Baguma Marius, Hummel Thomas, Hayes John E, Reed Danielle R, Niv Masha Y, Munger Steven D, Parma Valentina. The best COVID-19 predictor is recent smell loss: a cross-sectional study.. medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences. 2020. DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.22.20157263.
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