Arterial Switch Operation: Operative Approach and Outcomes.

The arterial switch operation has excellent early outcomes. Although the majority of patients are growing into healthy adults, a small subset require reoperation for pulmonary stenosis as well as neoaortic root dilatation and neoaortic valve regurgitation, especially as follow-up increases. Challenging subgroups include patients with anomalous coronary anatomy, concomitant aortic arch obstruction, Taussig-Bing anomaly, ventricular septal defect, and low operative weight, and patients with an intact interventricular septum who present late.