Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
The Impact of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Disease Knowledge, and Health Behaviors.
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Kim Hye Jin, Kim Eui Hyeok, Ko Eungil, Park Sojung, Lee Yaelim
Аннотация
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that increases the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aims to assess the correlation between PCOS and GDM and to identify associated healthcare needs.
METHODS: A mixed-methods approach was used. The retrospective study analyzed 2635 medical records of women aged 19-45 who underwent fertility treatments (2020-2023). The prospective study (2023-2024) assessed PCOS and GDM knowledge, nutrition, and physical activity among three groups: PCOS, GDM, and normal pregnancies.
RESULTS: Women with PCOS had a significantly higher BMI (p < 0.001) and an increased risk of GDM (28.1% vs. 10.6%, p < 0.001), with a 2.94-fold higher likelihood (95% CI: 2.22-3.90). Preterm birth (p = 0.029) and multiple pregnancies (p = 0.014) were also more common. The GDM group demonstrated better nutritional habits (p = 0.017), while the PCOS group showed higher physical activity levels (p < 0.001). Greater disease knowledge correlated with healthier behaviors.
CONCLUSIONS: PCOS is a strong risk factor for GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Targeted education and lifestyle interventions are crucial for improving maternal and neonatal health. Future research should focus on long-term metabolic management in women with PCOS.
METHODS: A mixed-methods approach was used. The retrospective study analyzed 2635 medical records of women aged 19-45 who underwent fertility treatments (2020-2023). The prospective study (2023-2024) assessed PCOS and GDM knowledge, nutrition, and physical activity among three groups: PCOS, GDM, and normal pregnancies.
RESULTS: Women with PCOS had a significantly higher BMI (p < 0.001) and an increased risk of GDM (28.1% vs. 10.6%, p < 0.001), with a 2.94-fold higher likelihood (95% CI: 2.22-3.90). Preterm birth (p = 0.029) and multiple pregnancies (p = 0.014) were also more common. The GDM group demonstrated better nutritional habits (p = 0.017), while the PCOS group showed higher physical activity levels (p < 0.001). Greater disease knowledge correlated with healthier behaviors.
CONCLUSIONS: PCOS is a strong risk factor for GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Targeted education and lifestyle interventions are crucial for improving maternal and neonatal health. Future research should focus on long-term metabolic management in women with PCOS.