Tachykinin involvement in cutaneous anaphylaxis in the guinea pig.

Permeability changes in the guinea-pig skin following intradermal (i.d.) injection of tachykinin agonists or antigen were monitored through the extravasation of 99mTc-labelled human serum albumin and blood flow changes through the accumulation of 51Cr-labelled microspheres. A variety of synthetic and natural tachykinins, including substance P and neurokinins A and B, were shown to be potent inducers of permeability changes. Neurokinins A and B, but not substance P, were also shown to be apparent vasoconstrictor agents. Permeability responses in sensitized guinea pigs to i.d. injection of antigen and substance P, but not histamine, were abolished by pretreatment with the tachykinin antagonists [D-Arg1, D-Pro2, D-Trp7,9, Leu11]-substance P and [D-Pro2, D-Trp7,9]-substance P. Interpretation of such results was complicated by the fact that such antagonists may in themselves induce mast cell activation. Depletion of substance P containing neurons by pretreatment of guinea pigs with capsaicin also produced significant inhibition of antigen-induced permeability changes. These results indicate a possible role for tachykinins, such as substance P, in cutaneous anaphylaxis in the guinea pig.