A rare case of spontaneous intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm rupture and literature review.

Intercostal artery pseudoaneurysms are rare vascular emergencies that are most commonly triggered by trauma or iatrogenic injury. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is essential for prompt diagnosis, and endovascular embolization is the preferred treatment. We present a rare case of spontaneous rupture of an intercostal artery pseudoaneurysm that manifested initially only as nonspecific upper abdominal pain. The patient expired following unsuccessful resuscitation before intervention. We discuss the cause and review the literature.