Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis.

We report the cases of four patients who complained of post-exertional shoulder and/or arm discomfort, and who were diagnosed with acute or possible impending axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis. One regained full patency of a stenotic and obstructed vein after local streptokinase infusion, first rib surgical resection, and transvenous angioplasty. A second with a patent but narrowed and tented vein was treated with heat and elevation, and was referred for possible surgical correction of thoracic outlet syndrome. The third patient, who presented two weeks after the thrombotic event, experienced a poor clinical outcome characterized by recurrent thrombosis despite aggressive therapy. The fourth, whose thrombosis was the presenting sign of mediastinal lymphoma, was treated with heat and elevation with resolution of pain and swelling.