Inhibition of induced pinocytosis in Amoeba proteus by membrane stabilizing drugs.

The effect of membrane stabilizing drugs on cation induced pinocytosis was studied in Amoeba proteus. Initially the presence of local anesthetic drugs during a pinocytosis cycle had a stimulating effect on channel formation, however, the capacity to develop pinocytotic channels was reversibly inhibited after a period of treatment with these drugs. Imipramine, vinblastine and the phenothiazines had effects similar to local anaesthetics. The local anesthetics inhibited pinocytosis in the following order: dibucaine greater than tetracaine greater than bupivacaine greater than lidocaine greater than procaine, and the phenothiazines: thioridazine greater than prochlorperazine greater chlorpromazine greater than prometazine. Pinocytosis, when induced by Na+ or tris, was more affected by the drugs and by calcium binding agents than pinocytosis induced by K+. After pretreatment with inhibitory concentration of dibucaine (3 x 10(-4) M) the depolarization of the membrane and the conductance increase during pinocytosis were normal, while the increase of oxygen uptake during the pincoytosis cycle was abolished. Addition of Ca++ before, during or after dibucaine treatment decreased the effect of the drug. Conversely, in dibucaine-treated cells, cation induced pinocytosis was less inhibited by Ca++ than pinocytosis in normal cells. Addition of EGTA to the inducing solutions potentiated the inhibitory effect of the drug. It is suggested that these drugs release Ca++ from the cell surface and at higher concentration or after prolonged incubation time interfere with a Ca++ mechanism which couples the membrane and contractile systems in the cytoplasm.