A study of the relationship between brachial artery vasodilation and platelet/lymphocyte ratio in diabetic patients with coronary atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND

To investigate the correlation between brachial artery flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation (FMD) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in peripheral blood and coronary atherosclerosis in diabetic patients.

METHODS

Seventy-five diabetic patients aged 62 ± 9 years, 68% male and 32% female, who underwent brachial artery endothelial function test and coronary CT scan were collected. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) was observed to assess the presence of coronary atherosclerosis, and high-resolution extravascular ultrasound was used to detect FMD. Platelet count and lymphocyte count were recorded by routine blood tests, and PLR was calculated for each study subject. Statistical methods were used to verify the association of FMD and PLR with CAC assessed by CT, respectively.

RESULTS

Patients with coronary atherosclerosis had decreased FMD and increased PLR compared with patients with normal coronary arteries. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that CAC score was significantly associated with both FMD (odds ratio: 0.167; 95% confidence interval: 0.049-0.565; p = 0.002) and PLR (odds ratio: 0.127; 95% confidence interval: 0.033-0.484; p = 0.001) at FMD < 5.1% or PLR > 130. The area under the ROC curve of FMD and PLR alone was 0.760 and 0.763, respectively. In addition, combined diagnosis of FMD and PLR showed the highest area under the ROC curve (0.830).

CONCLUSION

FMD combined with PLR is expected to be a precise diagnostic modality for coronary artery calcification in diabetic patients.