[Magnesium: physiological aspects and its implication in normal and preeclamptic pregnancies].

The present work provides information about magnesium (Mg) physiology, Mg supplementation during normal pregnancy, and the use of Magnesium Sulfate MgSO4 in preeclampsia and eclampsia. Intestinal absorption, renal excretion and cellular distribution of Mg are described. In addition, this review includes several functions in which Mg is involved such as bone structure, enzymatical activities, cellular signaling, ionic channel regulation and gene expression. Furthermore, Mg supplementation for the prevention of preterm delivery, low birth weight, and preeclampsia are discussed. Results about the use of MgSO4 as treatment of preeclampsia and eclampsia are also revised. Finally, the effects of Mg upon the synthesis, secretion and/or action of vasoactive factors involved in blood pressure and uteroplacental flux regulation are described.