Dixyrazine for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

BACKGROUND

The study assessed the efficacy and safety of dixyrazine, an alternative neuroleptic drug to droperidol, in the prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).

METHODS

A total of 197 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia were randomized to receive either dixyrazine 10 mg or placebo double-blinded at the end of surgery. Scores pertaining to PONV episodes, analgetic supply, rescue medication, adverse events and patient satisfaction were collected over the first 2 h in the PACU and the next 22 h in the ward.

RESULTS

The incidence of PONV over the entire 24-h period was reduced from 32% in the placebo group to 13% in the dixyrazine group (P< or =0.004). The incidence of nausea in the first 2 h was reduced from 15% in the placebo group to 4% in the dixyrazine group (P< or =0.02) and from 12% to 5% in the next 22 h. The incidence of emetic episodes was not different between the two groups. Postoperative shivering was significantly less prevalent in the dixyrazine than in the placebo group (2% vs. 13%; P< or =0008), and opioid analgesics were required significantly less often (61% vs. 75%; P< or =0.01). No significant adverse effects were observed. Patient satisfaction was similar in both groups.

CONCLUSION

Prophylactic dixyrazine is an effective, safe, and cheap antiemetic drug for laparoscopic cholecystectomy without involving any significant adverse events.