Study on Anti-Obesity Activities of Three Individual Black Soybean Meal-Derived Insoluble Dietary Fibers via Modulating Intestinal Microbiota and Their Metabolites.

Obesity, a global health crisis, is often accompanied by metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. This study investigates the anti-obesity effects of black soybean meal insoluble dietary fiber modified by ultra-high pressure and its impact on gut microbiota and metabolites in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. UHP modification significantly enhanced the oil-holding capacity of IDF (9.47 ± 0.47 g/g) with minimal impact on purity (0.54% reduction). Animal experiments revealed that high-dose HPIDF and UP-IDF significantly inhibited weight gain, improved lipid profiles (reduced serum TG, TC, and LDL-C; increased HDL-C), and mitigated hepatic lipid deposition and liver injury in HFD mice. UP-IDF intervention restored gut microbiota diversity, increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Blautia, Lactobacillus), and elevated short-chain fatty acid levels, particularly butyric acid. These findings demonstrate that UHP-modified IDF exerts synergistic anti-obesity effects by modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites, offering a promising dietary strategy for obesity intervention and high-value utilization of black soybean meal.