Lyme disease: Insight from social sciences.

This article is a selective literature review of social science works published on Lyme disease that draws on other articles published on similar health hazards. These works present Lyme borreliosis as an "archetypal" example of modern infectious risks. It is an "invisible" risk resulting from interactions between human activities, ecosystems, and pathogens. To tackle this risk, health authorities promote individual-based prevention measures. Perceptions of the general population should thus be better understood: different from the perceptions of experts, the general population's perceptions are socially differentiated, inclined to an "optimism bias", and influenced by personal stories. One should also not forget the dilemmas faced by the general population when contemplating preventive behavior. The "chronic Lyme disease" controversy illustrates the modern disappointment in science, the leveling of the general population's and experts' relative opinions, and the progressive interference of the former with expert matters.