Cardiac Intoxication/Nutritional/Metabolic.

This article reviews cardiotoxic syndromes in ruminants caused by various toxins, including ionophores, vitamin E/selenium deficiencies, gossypol, Taxus plants, cardiac glycosides, grayanotoxins, and others. It emphasizes that early recognition, thorough history, and diagnostic sampling are crucial for accurate diagnosis. Since no specific antidotes exist, prompt removal of the toxic source and environmental management are key to improving outcomes. Understanding clinical patterns and implementing herd-wide prevention strategies are vital for reducing morbidity, mortality, and long-term health impacts in affected animals.