The mechanisms and therapeutic advances of interactions between breast cancer and cardiovascular diseases.

Currently, breast cancer (BC) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as two major diseases that seriously threaten global public health, have become major public health problems that need to be urgently solved as their morbidity and mortality rates continue to rise. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of BC diagnosis and treatment, the overall survival of patients has been significantly prolonged, but CVD has gradually become one of the major non-oncological causes of death among BC survivors. It has been pointed out that there are multiple common mechanisms between BC and CVD at the pathophysiological level, including chronic inflammation, metabolic abnormalities, hormonal dysregulation and neuroendocrine system activation. This review summarizes the potential interactions between BC and CVD, the associated cardiotoxicity induced by cancer therapies, and the application of relevant biomarkers in diagnosis and risk assessment, with the aim of providing insights and reference for the comprehensive management of patients with coexisting BC and CVD.