Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2026
Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) preserves cardiac structure and function and modulates myocardial redox and metabolic profiles in diet-induced obesity.
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Belin Matheus Antonio Filiol, Cruzeiro Jordanna, Nunes Aline, Lima Lucas Fazardo de, Sormani Luis Eduardo, Gregolin Cristina Schmitt, Tanganini Murilo Dalarme, Vieira Taynara Aparecida, Grandini Núbia Alves, Siqueira Juliana Silva, Palacio Thiago Luiz Novaga, Fujimori Anderson Seiji Soares, Campos Dijon Henrique Salomé de, Bazan Silmeia Garcia Zanati, Minatel Igor Otávio, Silva Gustavo Henrique Rodrigues da, Rocco Silvana Aparecida, Aldini Giancarlo, Sforca Mauricio Luis, Maraschin Marcelo, Lima Giuseppina Pace Pereira, Correa Camila Renata
Аннотация
Obesity promotes cardiac remodeling and dysfunction through oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic disturbances. Citrus bergamia (bergamot) has shown beneficial effects on obesity-related cardiometabolic risk factors, but its cardiac effects remain unclear. We evaluated bergamot supplementation in a rat model of diet-induced obesity using integrated assessments of cardiac structure and function, redox and inflammatory status, biogenic amines, fatty acids, and metabolites. Wistar rats (n = 54) were randomized to Control, Obese, or Obese + Bergamot groups for 20 weeks; bergamot was administered by gavage at 250 mg/kg/day. Animals in both obese groups had higher body weight (p < .01) and adiposity index (p < .0001) than controls, confirming diet-induced obesity. Untreated obese rats also exhibited higher systolic blood pressure, cardiac remodeling, oxidative damage, higher cardiac TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations, and reduced NRF2 expression (p < .05). Bergamot attenuated cardiac remodeling, preserved systolic and diastolic function (p < .05), reduced malondialdehyde (p < .05), protein carbonyls (p < .0001), and cardiac TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations (p < .05), and increased ferric reducing antioxidant power (p < .01). Exploratory cardiac metabolic profiling showed partial recovery of putrescine and spermidine, higher spermine and histamine concentrations (p < .05), lower serotonin monoforms (p < .05), higher arachidonic acid abundance (C20:4n6; p < .05), and higher inosine abundance (p < .05) following bergamot supplementation. Bergamot-associated cardiac preservation occurred despite persistent obesity and without restoration of NRF2 expression, the NRF2/KEAP1 ratio, or myocardial NAD+ and NADP+ concentrations. Changes in polyamine, fatty acid, and purine-related profiles, including higher spermine and inosine, identify candidate metabolic features associated with this response but do not establish these metabolites as causal mediators.