Effects of anaesthetic agents on basal and histamine-stimulated acid secretion in the fistula rat.

OBJECTIVES

Anaesthetized rats or surgically modified preparations such as the Shay rat are widely used to study upper gastrointestinal function in the laboratory. Despite the existence of reports demonstrating that agents such as barbiturates can influence acid output, a systematic study of the effects of anaesthetics on gastric secretion has not been undertaken.

METHODS

Basal and histamine-stimulated acid output were measured in chronic fistula rats after administration of injectable and volatile anaesthetics frequently used in studies of gastric secretion in anaesthetized animals. With the exception of ether, for which recovery is very rapid, sedating rather than full anaesthetic doses were used.

RESULTS

Chloralose (40 mg/kg) had no significant effect on gastric secretion. Pentobarbitone (25 mg/kg) inhibited basal and histamine-stimulated acid output, but the effect was relatively short-lived and secretion returned to control levels after 2 h. Urethane (750 mg/kg) markedly inhibited basal acid output and abolished the secretory response to histamine given 15 to 60 min later. The effects of urethane on acid secretion persisted for the entire 3 h duration of experiments, during which time basal acid output declined to levels observed in fully anaesthetized rats given 1.5 g/kg. Full anaesthesia with ether for 60 min also caused profound inhibition of basal secretion and, like urethane, abolished the effect of histamine despite the fact that the animals recovered consciousness within 5 min.

CONCLUSIONS

The differential activity of anaesthetics and profound antisecretory activity of ether and urethane should be taken into account when studying gastrointestinal function and mucosal ulceration in anaesthetized animals.