Neoadjuvant Therapy for Melanoma.

The advent of potent immune checkpoint inhibitor and other targeted therapies has transformed neoadjuvant therapy into a potentially more efficacious treatment strategy overall. Administering immunotherapy before surgery can enhance the immune system's ability to target melanoma cells, utilize neoantigens, and treat clinically occult and metastatic disease. Furthermore, it provides an opportunity for assessment of treatment response based on pathologic assessment and ultimately leads to better survival rates, lower recurrence, and minimizes overuse of adjuvant treatments. Continued clinical trials will further elucidate best practices with respect to treatment duration, choice, and treatment strategies.