Unraveling the Fungi-Cancer Connection.

Accumulating evidences indicated that both the intestinal and intratumor microbiota substantially impacted the cancer initiation, progression, and therapeutic responses. Currently, the bacterial roles in cancer are particularly emphasized, while the fungal roles are just coming onto the stage. In this Perspective, we mainly focused on the fungi-tumor axis to understand the mycobiome-cancer connection, aiming to answer the questions that cause confusion and impede translational potential: (a) Why should we value the role of mycobiome in oncological research? (b) What will the relationship between fungi and bacteria be in cancer progression? (c) How will the fungi impact cancer? (d) Can we target fungi for development of intervention strategies in anticancer treatment? (e) Will the effort and investment pay back in mycobiome-driven cancer research?