The Epidemiology of Fifth Metatarsal Fracture.

BACKGROUND

A paucity of data exists studying the epidemiology of fifth metatarsal fractures. While a number of studies exist focusing on specific fracture patterns and patient populations, a large comprehensive epidemiologic study on the general public does not.

OBJECTIVE

We reviewed 1275 fifth metatarsal fractures treated at a multicenter orthopaedic practice attempting to classify mechanism of injury and patient demographics as they pertain to specific fracture patterns.

METHODS

Patient demographics were recorded and fractures categorized by location and mechanism of injury. Demographics and mechanism of injury were assessed to determine their predictive value for the type of fracture. Statistical analysis was used to predict whether demographics and mechanism of injury were statistically significant for types of fractures and whether gender and age were positive predictive values for fifth metatarsal fractures.

RESULTS

Twisting injuries were a statistically significant predictor of zone 1 injuries. A significant correlation between gender and fracture location was seen with women sustaining 75% of zone 1 injuries and 84% of dancer's fractures. A positive predictive value existed for age and gender with respect to the incidence of fractures. Males accounted for more fractures among younger patients and females accounting for the majority of fractures among older patients.

CONCLUSION

Mechanism of injury is a predictor for fracture location. Gender and age have a role in fracture incidence. In younger patient populations, males account for the majority of fifth metatarsal fractures. In older patient populations, females account for the majority of fifth metatarsal fractures.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic study, Level II: Retrospective Study.