Discovery of lignans from leaves of Phyllanthus emblica L. and their antioxidant-antiinflammatory activity.

Seventeen lignans (1-17), including five new ones (1-5), were identified from the ethanolic extract of Phyllanthus emblica leaves, ten of which were isolated for the first time from the titled plant. Their structures were meticulously elucidated through comprehensive analysis utilizing UV, IR, NMR (1D and 2D), HRESIMS, ECD calculations, and comparison with previous literature data. The lignans 5, 8, 10, and 15-17 exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 10.62-51.88 μM. Moreover, compounds 8, 11, and 17 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages with IC50 values ranging from 9.39 to 38.08 μM.