Implementation in Buenos Aires City of a program to prevent neurological damage caused by hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: Therapeutic hypothermia.

Therapeutic hypothermia is the standard of care for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). This treatment was implemented at a regional level by the perinatal network of the City of Buenos Aires. The following are the objectives of this article: 1. To describe the implementation of the network's hypothermia treatment program; 2. To report treatment-associated complications, adverse events and mortality. The program was implemented in stages: 1) 2009-2010. Training and instruction on how to use the equipment. 2) 20102014. Treatment and follow-up of patients with moderate or severe HIE. Up to October 2014, 27 newborn infants received hypothermia treatment with moderate (n= 15) and severe (n= 12) HIE. None of the patients died during treatment. Three newborn infants were lost to follow-up. Among the 16 survivors older than one year old, three have severe neurological disability. Program implementation was plausible. It is imperative to train health care providers on how to identify patients with HIE.