Perioperative sleep disturbances in total knee arthroplasty: incidence, mechanisms, and management strategies.

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective treatment for end-stage knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Previous studies have found that KOA patients commonly experience sleep disorders during the perioperative period of TKA, which can significantly affect postoperative recovery, pain management, and quality of life. Sleep disturbances during the perioperative period of TKA are a complex issue influenced by multiple factors. Although clinical interventions have shown promising efficacy, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear and require further research. This article reviews the specific causes of sleep disturbances in TKA patients during the perioperative period, aiming to provide a reference for personalized sleep regulation interventions to improve postoperative outcomes. The article begins by searching public databases using selected keywords to identify recent studies on the management of sleep dysfunction during the perioperative period of TKA. Through a summary of the relevant literature, the review focuses on the incidence, influencing factors, interventions, and potential mechanisms of sleep dysfunction during the perioperative period of TKA. It aims to optimize perioperative management and support the future development of high-quality clinical intervention randomized controlled trials, ultimately contributing to the optimization of postoperative sleep management strategies and enhancing rapid recovery and long-term satisfaction in TKA patients.