Effects of ubiquitous plasticizers on olfactory perception in the buff-tailed bumble bee.

The rise in anthropogenic pollution poses a growing threat to pollinators, with some plastic pollutants such as phthalates being ubiquitous. Although the effects of pesticides have been extensively studied, little research explores how other contaminants affect pollinator health and behaviour. This article examines the influence of two phthalates predominant in the environment, Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP) and Di-n-Butyl Phthalate (DnBP), on the bumble bee Bombus terrestris, a key pollinator species. By exposing bumble bee workers to various concentrations and modalities of these contaminants, we assessed how these two phthalates affect the detection of common volatile organic compounds emitted by flowers. Findings show that phthalate exposure at environmental doses diminishes bumble bee antennal sensitivity to olfactory signals. This impairment could compromise pollination efficiency and accelerate pollinator decline. By revealing that phthalates disrupt bumble bee olfactory capacities, this study underscores the urgency of mitigating these ubiquitous pollutants to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem functions.