Dynamics of xenobiotic metabolism by isolated rat hepatocytes using a multichannel perifusion system.

The multichannel perifusion system in recirculating and non-recirculating (single-pass) mode has been used to monitor the rate of oxidative metabolism of three model substrates--7-ethoxycoumarin, dichloronitroanisole and aldrin. With control hepatocytes, the rate of de-ethylation of 7-ethoxycoumarin derived from recirculating mode was essentially similar to the rate obtained with conventional flask-incubated cell suspensions. The formation of 7-hydroxycoumarin glucuronide and sulphate by hepatocytes exposed to 7-ethoxycoumarin demonstrated the retention of conjugative ability of cells in the perifusion system. The rate of demethylation of dichloronitroanisole to dichloronitrophenol was low whilst aldrin epoxidation to dieldrin was rapid using control hepatocytes in recirculating mode. The inductive effect of phenobarbitone on hepatic mixed-function oxidases was demonstrated by a marked increase in the rate of 7-ethoxycoumarin (nine-fold) and dichloronitroanisole (64-fold) dealkylation by hepatocytes from phenobarbitone-treated animals in recirculating mode. The rate of substrate oxidation by hepatocytes perifused in the recirculating and the single-pass mode were the same. With dichloronitroanisole as substrate and a single-pass mode, the rate of dichloronitrophenol formation declined rapidly on perifusion with substrate-free medium and rapidly re-attained steady state on re-introduction of the substrate; the presence of metyrapone effectively inhibited dichloronitroanisole metabolism. The perifusion system is recommended for the study of the dynamics of xenobiotic metabolism by isolated mammalian hepatocytes.