Dichloromethane extraction from Piper nigrum L. and P. longum L. to mitigate ischemic stroke by activating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to suppress autophagy.

Dichloromethane fraction (DF) of Piper nigrum L. and P. longum L. (PnL and PlL), has been found to exert a protective effect against ischemic stroke in rats. However, the regulatory mechanism exerted by PnL and PIL have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that DF greatly ameliorated cerebral ischemic injury in a rat model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). The neurological score, behavioral assessment, brain infarct volume, phosphorylation of AKT (p-AKT), phosphorylation mTOR (p-mTOR), and Atg7 protein levels were determined. Additionally, we discovered that DF pretreatment reduced infarct volume, neurological score, and brain damage. Furthermore, DF therapy caused the downregulation of Atg7 and p-AKT expression, as well as the upregulation of p-mTOR expression. In conclusion, our findings indicated that DF treatment can reduce brain damage and inhibit apoptosis and autophagy by activating the Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in ischemic stroke.