The global burden of trichiasis in 2016.
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Flueckiger Rebecca M, Courtright Paul, Abdala Mariamo, Abdou Amza, Abdulnafea Zaid, Al-Khatib Tawfik K, Amer Khaled, Amiel Olga Nelson, Awoussi Sossinou, Bakhtiari Ana, Batcho Wilfried, Bella Assumpta Lucienne, Bennawi Kamal Hashim, Brooker Simon J, Chu Brian K, Dejene Michael, Dezoumbe Djore, Elshafie Balgesa Elkheir, Elvis Aba Ange, Fabrice Djouma Nembot, Omar Fatma Juma, François Missamou, François Drabo, Garap Jambi, Gichangi Michael, Goepogui André, Hammou Jaouad, Kadri Boubacar, Kabona George, Kabore Martin, Kalua Khumbo, Kamugisha Mathias, Kebede Biruck, Keita Kaba, Khan Asad Aslam, Kiflu Genet, Yibi Makoy, Mackline Garae, Macleod Colin, Manangazira Portia, Masika Michael P, Massangaie Marilia, Mduluza Takafira, Meno Nabicassa, Midzi Nicholas, Minnih Abdallahi Ould, Mishra Sailesh, Mpyet Caleb, Muraguri Nicholas, Mwingira Upendo, Nassirou Beido, Ndjemba Jean, Nieba Cece, Ngondi Jeremiah, Olobio Nicholas, Pavluck Alex, Phiri Isaac, Pullan Rachel, Qureshi Babar, Sarr Boubacar, Seiha Do, Chávez Gloria Marina Serrano, Sharma Shekhar, Sisaleumsak Siphetthavong, Southisombath Khamphoua, Stevens Gretchen, Woldendrias Andeberhan Tesfazion, Traoré Lamine, Turyaguma Patrick, Willis Rebecca, Yaya Georges, Yeo Souleymane, Zambroni Francisco, Zhao Jialiang, Solomon Anthony W
Аннотация
METHODS: We obtained district-level trichiasis prevalence estimates in adults for 44 endemic and previously-endemic countries. We used (1) the most recent data for a district, if more than one estimate was available; (2) age- and sex-standardized corrections of historic estimates, where raw data were available; (3) historic estimates adjusted using a mean adjustment factor for districts where raw data were unavailable; and (4) expert assessment of available data for districts for which no prevalence estimates were available.
FINDINGS: Internally age- and sex-standardized data represented 1,355 districts and contributed 662 thousand cases (95% confidence interval [CI] 324 thousand-1.1 million) to the global total. Age- and sex-standardized district-level prevalence estimates differed from raw estimates by a mean factor of 0.45 (range 0.03-2.28). Previously non- stratified estimates for 398 districts, adjusted by ×0.45, contributed a further 411 thousand cases (95% CI 283-557 thousand). Eight countries retained previous estimates, contributing 848 thousand cases (95% CI 225 thousand-1.7 million). New expert assessments in 14 countries contributed 862 thousand cases (95% CI 228 thousand-1.7 million). The global trichiasis burden in 2016 was 2.8 million cases (95% CI 1.1-5.2 million).
INTERPRETATION: The 2016 estimate is lower than previous estimates, probably due to more and better data; scale-up of trichiasis management services; and reductions in incidence due to lower active trachoma prevalence.